2 Drivers of Globalization. As domestic markets become more and more saturated, the opportunities for growth are limited and global expanding is a way most organizations choose to overcome this situation. Common customer needs and the opportunity to use global marketing channels and transfer marketing to some extent are also incentives. YIPS-GLOBALIZATION-DRIVERS 1. 25 May 09 International Business - Yip's Globalisation Drivers 2. Yip’s Globalisation Drivers Team 6 Sachin Arun KA Balaji Swapnil Arobinda 3. Linux online install.
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Market Drivers Of Globalization
Yip's Drivers Of Globalisation Framework
Globalization
“Globalization refers to the
development of global or worldwide
business activities, competition and
markets and the increasing global
interdependence of national
economies” – Stonehouse et all. 2004
Industry
Top 5 seller
concentratio
n
Carbonated Soft Drinks
70%
68%
Computer Software
59%
Computer Hardware
59%
Aerospace/ Defense
55%
Automobiles
“World 3.0's remapping of the terrain
suggests a better path forward.
Specifically, a more realistic appraisal
of both globalization and regulation
suggests a path to greater prosperity
that involves more market integration
as well as limited and targeted market
regulation.” – Ghemawat, World 3.0
71%
Light Bulbs
“International integration in
commodity, capital and labour
markets” – Bordo et all. 2003, WTO
Entertainment
53%
Semiconductors
40%
Passenger Airlines
37%
Source : Ghemawat and Ghadar, 2006
Globalization Drivers : Yip’s Framework
Developed by George Yip(1992)
Helps analyze the degree of globalization in the industries
The 4 main categories of drivers are :
•
•
•
•
Market Globalization Drivers
Cost Globalization Drivers
Government Globalization Drivers
Competitive Globalization Drivers
Low
(Domestic)
High
(Global)
Macroeconomic Environment & Framework
Technological
Factor
Market Drivers
Cost Drivers
Economic &
Financial Factor
Potential for
Globalizatio
n
Competitive
Drivers
Social &
Demographic
Factor
Government
Drivers
Political & Legal
Factor
Yip’s Framework : Market Drivers
Customer Needs
Similarities/ Differences
Culture
Economic Development
Physical Environment
Climate
Customers & Channels
Global Suppliers
Global Distributers
Marketing
Names
Advertising
Lead Countries
Product Innovations
Market Drivers : Explained
Driver
Parameter
Pressure for
globalization
Pressure for
localization
MARKET
Customers
Global customers
Local customers
Channels
Global channels
Local channels
Marketing
Transferable
marketing
Differentiated
Marketing
Countries
Lead countries
No obvious lead
countries
Airlines
Computers
Automobile
Low
(Domestic)
Soft Drinks
FMCG
Retail Banking
Book Publishing
Baked Foods
High
(Global)
Yip’s Framework : Cost Drivers
Economies of Scale/Scope
National market size (Scale)
Common distribution outlets (Scope)
Group of goods packaged together
Experience Curve
Learning Curve
Sourcing
Names
Advertising
Logistics
Transportation Costs
Country Costs, Productivity & Skills
Product Life Cycles & Product Development Costs
Cost Drivers : Explained
Driver
Parameter
Pressure for globalization
Pressure for localization
COST
Economies of scale
High fixed costs
Low fixed costs
Experience curve
Steep learning curve
Shallow learning curve
Sourcing
Low transportation costs &
perishable products, no
need to locate near
customers
High transportation costs &
perishable products, need
to locate near customers
Logistics
Differences in cost
Similarities in cost
Product development costs
High
Low
Technological change
Rapid
Slow
Pharma
Airlines
Low
(Domestic)
Computers
Automobile
FMCG
Retail Banking
Baked Foods
Soft Drinks
High
(Global)
Yip’s Framework : Government Drivers
Trade Policies
Liberalization
Trade barriers
Technical Standards
Commonality between countries
Marketing Regulations
Advertising Standards
Government-Owned Customers
Government-Owned Companies
Govt. subsidies, protection of home markets
Host Government Concerns
National conditions
Government Drivers : Explained
Driver
Parameter
Pressure for globalization
Pressure for localization
GOVERNMENT
Trade policies
Low trade barriers
High trade barriers
Technical..